Multidimensional Arrays as Function Arguments

1. Because of the way a multidimensional array is handled in memory, when it is used as a parameter of a function, the parameter type appearing in the function prototype and in the header of the function definition must contain a specification for the size of each dimension except the first one.
   
   
2. The example here illustrates what we have learned about multidimensional arrays.
   //Reads quiz scores for each student into the two-dimensional array named
   //grade (but the input code is not shown in this display). Computes the
   //average score for each student and the average score for each quiz.
   //Displays the quiz scores and the averages.
   #include <iostream>
   #include <iomanip>
   using namespace std;
   
   const int NUMBER_STUDENTS = 4, NUMBER_QUIZZES = 3;
   
   void compute_st_ave(const int grade[ ][NUMBER_QUIZZES], double st_ave[ ]);
   //Precondition: Global constant NUMBER_STUDENTS and NUMBER_QUIZZES are
   //the dimensions of the array grade.
   //Each of the indexed variables grade[st_num-1, quiz_num-1] contains the
   //score for student st_num on quiz quiz_num.
   //Postcondition: Each st_ave[st_num-1] contains the average for student
   //number stu_num.
   
   void compute_quiz_ave(const int grade[ ][NUMBER_QUIZZES], double quiz_ave[ ]);
   //Precondition: Global constant NUMBER_STUDENTS and
   //NUMBER_QUIZZES are the dimensions of the array grade. Each of
   //the indexed variables grade[st_num-1, quiz_num-1] contains the
   //score for student st_num on quiz quiz_num.
   //Postcondition: Each quiz_ave[quiz_num-1] contains the average for
   //quiz numbered quiz_num.
   
   void display(const int grade[ ][NUMBER_QUIZZES],
   const double st_ave[ ], const double quiz_ave[ ]);
   //Precondition: Global constant NUMBER_STUDENTS and
   //NUMBER_QUIZZES are the dimensions of the array grade. Each of the
   //indexed variables grade[st_num-1, quiz_num-1] contains the score for
   //student st_num on quiz quiz_num. Each st_ave[st_num-1] contains the
   //average for student stu_num. Each quiz_ave[quiz_num-1] contains the
   //average for quiz numbered quiz_num.
   //Postcondition: All the data in grade, st_ave, and quiz_ave have been output.
   
   int main( )
   {
       int grade[NUMBER_STUDENTS][NUMBER_QUIZZES];
       double st_ave[NUMBER_STUDENTS];
       double quiz_ave[NUMBER_QUIZZES];
   
       cout << "I am filling the array grade for you.\n";
       grade[0][0] = 10; grade[0][1] = 10; grade[0][2] = 10;
       grade[1][0] = 2; grade[1][1] = 0; grade[1][2] = 1;
       grade[2][0] = 8; grade[2][1] = 6; grade[2][2] = 9;
       grade[3][0] = 8; grade[3][1] = 4; grade[3][2] = 10;
   
       compute_st_ave(grade, st_ave);
       compute_quiz_ave(grade, quiz_ave);
       display(grade, st_ave, quiz_ave);
       return 0;
   }
   
   void compute_st_ave(const int grade[ ][NUMBER_QUIZZES], double st_ave[ ])
   {
       for (int st_num = 1; st_num <= NUMBER_STUDENTS; st_num++)
       {   //Process one st_num:
           double sum = 0;
           for (int quiz_num = 1; quiz_num <= NUMBER_QUIZZES; quiz_num++)
           sum = sum + grade[st_num-1][quiz_num-1];
           //sum contains the sum of the quiz scores for student number st_num.
           st_ave[st_num-1] = sum/NUMBER_QUIZZES;
           //Average for student st_num is the value of st_ave[st_num-1]
       }
   }
   
   void compute_quiz_ave(const int grade[ ][NUMBER_QUIZZES],
                                                           double quiz_ave[ ])
   {
       for (int quiz_num = 1; quiz_num <= NUMBER_QUIZZES; quiz_num++)
       {   //Process one quiz (for all students):
           double sum = 0;
           for (int st_num = 1; st_num <= NUMBER_STUDENTS; st_num++)
               sum = sum + grade[st_num-1][quiz_num-1];
           //sum contains the sum of all student scores on quiz number quiz_num.
           quiz_ave[quiz_num-1] = sum/NUMBER_STUDENTS;
           //Average for quiz quiz_num is the value of quiz_ave[quiz_num-1]
       }
   }
   
   //Uses iostream and iomanip:
   void display(const int grade[ ][NUMBER_QUIZZES],
                           const double st_ave[ ], const double quiz_ave[ ])
   {
      cout.setf(ios::fixed);
      cout.setf(ios::showpoint);
      cout.precision(1);
   
      cout << setw(10) << "Student" << setw(5) << "Ave"
              << setw(15) << "Quizzes\n";
      for (int st_num = 1; st_num <= NUMBER_STUDENTS; st_num++)
      {//Display for one st_num:
          cout << setw(10) << st_num << setw(5) << st_ave[st_num-1] << " ";
          for (int quiz_num = 1; quiz_num <= NUMBER_QUIZZES; quiz_num++)
              cout << setw(5) << grade[st_num-1][quiz_num-1];
          cout << endl;
      }
   
      cout << "Quiz averages = ";
      for (int quiz_num = 1; quiz_num <= NUMBER_QUIZZES; quiz_num++)
         cout << setw(5) << quiz_ave[quiz_num-1];
      cout << endl;
   }